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February 15, 2011

The Blindness of Moral Clarity
Posted by David Shorr



Star trekPlease join me in a thought experiment. I'm going to pinpoint what I consider the central falacy of the ultra-conservative foreign policy argument / critique. See if you agree that this theme -- blind spot, I'd say -- runs through a big proportion of what the hard-right says about the stance the United States should take internationally.

As David Kurtz of Talking Points Memo and Greg Scoblete over at RealClearWorld Compass blog have both noted, the Obama-botched-Egypt meme rests on an inflated notion of US leverage. An impulse that always assumes an American president can make world events come out the way he wants. Actually David's post flags a comment President Obama made in his news conference, pushing back against that idea of American omnipotence.

My hypothesis about administration critics adds one key element: moral clarity (aka 'resolve' or 'certitude'). Sound familiar? The critics love to talk about the president's supposed lack of principles, but let's talk about what self-absorbed self-righteousness gets you in the real world -- i.e. what can really be accomplished through moral clarity. In other words, I don't think the partisan foreign policy divide is about America's international objectives or our moral values; sensible Democrats and Republics largely agree about those. I think it's really a debate about persuasion and pressure versus bluff and bluster.

Here's a useful definition of strategic thinking from an excellent new book, The End of Arrogance by Bruce Jentleson and Steven Weber:

In a complex and rapidly changing environment it does not work well to repeatedly reinforce who we are and what we stand for. We know those things, and we know how they shape what we do, how we act, how we respond. Strategy is ultimately about how we influence what others do.

This is the burden of proof I'd put on the proponents of moral clarity. How will the defense of virtue get others to do what we want, and what's your basis for believing this cause-and-effect relationship? Can loud moral forthrightness ever backfire? Does it ever have unintended consequences?

Don't get me wrong; I don't deny the role of moral principles in international affairs. I'm a big believer in the importance of staking the moral high ground in diplomacy -- it's something on which I've based many of my own policy arguments. But I feel just as strongly that the claim of moral authority must be based on more than an assertion of principle or a belief in the nation's exceptionalism (which I actually share, to an extent). It matters crucially how others respond. As Weber and Jentleson remind us, the question of influence and legerage isn't a question of being true to ourselves but convincing to others. A leader without followers is just someone out for a stroll.

That's what I think the foreign policy debate is really about. Now coming back to that thought experiment, as you've observed national debates about foreign policy, how strong of an undercurrent is this?

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Comments

Well said! I love the quote "A leader without followers is just someone out for a stroll"

One of the many things that annoys me about the "moral clarity" people is the idea that wandering around lecturing people about morality without taking the trouble either to understand them or to act on your own principles somehow constitutes acting morally. Speaking as a professional: it doesn't.

I think our real foreign policy pathology is self-absorption. We just need to be more self-aware and, more important, do better at cuing into the perspectives of others. It's not that complicated, just a matter of rolling up our sleeves and getting down to dilligent diplomatic work. And oh by the way, if that sounds like an argument against gutting the State Department budget, it is.

we know how they shape what we do, how we act, how we respond. Strategy is ultimately about how we influence what others do. These all are great to know about it.

It's hard not to agree with your sensible thoughts. Indeed sometimes we have political leaders who seemed to ignore the fact that they're not being followed by anyone anymore.

You had some nice points here.

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Mr Cohen, I think you are not fully aware of ground realities in Pakistan and that is the reasons that many highly educated persons in US jump into wrong conclusions. Of course this leads to policy which puts Pakistan on the other side though it does not need to be. To understand the ground realities, persons like you should come here a live for a while, preferably with some Pakistani friends. The way 'Time Square' bombing was done, itself indicates that there are no sophisticated terror trainings going on. Majority of Pakistanis are very moderate and have no hatred for any US or EU persons. You just have to understand these people. British did it very well and you might like to read how they did it.

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